This is not really possible. The reason is that the fields you want to display in the list are the same fields shown when you display an item. Thus you would need to set permission on the individual fields and field level permissions do not exist in SharePoint.
You could probably use a custom display form to remove any fields you do not want people, anonymous or otherwise, to see, but it is not really security as anyone accessing the fields via other methods than access through that display form will see the fields and their contents. This would only be a cosmetic hiding of fields, no real security. If you want to go down that route, search for custom list forms in this forum and you can find another post I have written about this.
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